They then seized control of Beijing, overthrowing Li's short-lived Shun dynasty. The Han Chinese Ming general Wu Sangui and his army then defected to the Qing and allowed them through Shanhai pass. The Chongzhen Emperor committed suicide when the city fell, marking the official end of the Ming dynasty. In 1644, Beijing was sacked by a coalition of rebel forces led by Li Zicheng, a minor Ming dynasty official turned leader of a peasant revolt. A soldier during the Boxer Rebellion with queue and conical Asian hat His men and Ming prince Zhu Shugui fiercely objected to shaving. The Qing demanded that Zheng Jing and his men on Taiwan shave to receive recognition as a fiefdom. Koxinga and his men objected to shaving when the Qing demanded they shave in exchange for recognizing Koxinga as a feudatory. Koxinga criticized the Qing hairstyle by referring to the shaven pate looking like a fly. This caused the Qing government to view shaving the front of the head as the primary sign of loyalty rather than wearing the braid on the back, which did not violate Han customs and traditional Han did not object to. Han rebels against the Qing like the Taiping retained their queue braids on the back but rebelled by growing hair on the front of their heads. It was only later that westernized revolutionaries began to view the braid as backwards and advocated adopting short-haired western styles. One person was executed for refusing to shave the front but he had willingly braided the back of his hair. Han rebels in the first half of the Qing who objected to Qing hairstyle wore the braid but defied orders to shave the front of the head. Han Chinese did not object to wearing the queue braid on the back of the head as they traditionally wore all their hair long, but fiercely objected to shaving the forehead so the Qing government exclusively focused on forcing people to shave the forehead rather than wear the braid. ( 身體髮膚，受之父母，不敢毀傷，孝至始也。 ) Īs a result of this ideology, both men and women wound their hair into a bun (a topknot) or other various hairstyles. This idea is the quintessence of filial duty.
#QUEUE HAIRSTYLE SKIN#
We are given our body, skin and hair from our parents which we ought not to damage. According to the Classic of Filial Piety, Confucius said Traditionally, adult Han Chinese did not cut their hair for philosophical and cultural reasons. It was also imposed on Taiwanese indigenous peoples in 1753, and Koreans who settled in northeast China in the late 19th century, though the Ryukyuan people of the Ryukyu Kingdom, a tributary of China, requested and were granted an exemption from the mandate.
#QUEUE HAIRSTYLE SERIES#
The Queue Order ( simplified Chinese : 剃发令 traditional Chinese : 剃髮令 pinyin : tìfàlìng), or tonsure decree, was a series of laws violently imposed by the Qing dynasty during the seventeenth century. See also: Tifayifu Chinese circus performers soon after the Manchu conquest, wearing queues.
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